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* [[/Recipes]] Our Recipes! |
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| * [[http://howtobrew.com][How to Brew]. Sections one and two should be read before attempting to brew as we are skipping straight to using specialty grains (the extra effort is trivial). | * [[http://howtobrew.com|How to Brew]]. Sections one and two should be read before attempting to brew as we are skipping straight to using specialty grains (the extra effort is trivial). *[[http://www.bjcp.org/styles04/|BJCP Style Guidelines]] === Software === * [[http://www.usermode.org/code.html|QBrew]] recipe formulation tool and batch log. Available in Debian, and indispensable for the Free Software loving brewer. Lacking a few features compared to proprietary offerings, but bpt and ClintonEbadi are programmers... ==== QBrew Gripes ==== Let's bitch about the missing features so that ClintonEbadi might suffer some C++ and add them to QBrew... * No tool to replace hops in recipe with different AA% hops * Kind of a pain to manually recalculate hop amounts when actual AA% differs from recipe AA%. Equation is simple: ''weight'' × (''recipe aa'' / ''actual aa''), but why not have the computer do it? * Recipe html export and printed versions do not list hop AA% * Units for grains are limited to pounds or kilograms, the ability to switch to ounces or grams would be helpful for e.g. black patent additions |
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| * [[http://www.townofcary.org/Departments/Public_Works_and_Utilities/Water/Water_Treatment/finishedwater.htm][Town of Cary Water Quality Report]]. Note that the water available around Raleigh is so soft that all hop flavors will be underwhelming. | * [[http://americanbrewmaster.com|American Brewmaster]] Our friendly Local Home Brewing Store * [[http://carypropanerefill.com/|Quality Brake and Inspection Center]] happens to fill up propane tanks (and for a good price: $17.50/20lbs as of 2010-11) ==== Water ==== * [[http://www.townofcary.org/Departments/Public_Works_and_Utilities/Water/Water_Treatment/finishedwater.htm|Town of Cary Water Quality Report]]. * [[http://powersbrewery.home.comcast.net/~powersbrewery/watercalc.html|Water Adjustment Calculator]] and [[http://www.brewersfriend.com/water-chemistry/|an alternative calculator]] * [[http://www.brewersfriend.com/2009/03/14/all-grain-water-chemistry-brewing-information/|All Grain Water Chemistry]] Somewhat applicable for extract brewing Cary uses chloramines rather than chlorine for water purification. The homebrew shop was helpful and warned that this does not evolve out as gas during boiling like chlorine does, and results in band-aid like flavors in the final beer. To counteract this a quarter of a campden tablet must be added for each five gallons of water used. This will react with the chloramines and cause them to evolve out as sulfur and chlorine gases within approximately fifteen minutes. The water may then be boiled as usual. For extract brewing water adjustment is not essential, but water in the Raleigh region is soft enough that there will be issues with hop bitterness not being properly attenuated. The LHBS provided [[http://www.americanbrewmaster.com/product_info.php?products_id=83|Water Crystals]] (8:1 CaSO,,4,,:MgSO,,4,,) with a recommended rate of one or two tsp per five gallons. A teaspoon has a mass of 4g (3.55...g:0.44...g). ||<-6>'''Important Water Ion Levels for Cary NC Water (mg/L)'''<<FootNote(Additions calculated using http://www.brewersfriend.com/water-chemistry/ which rounds to the nearest number... not so scientific, but good enough for our uses)>> || || '''Ca^+2^''' || '''Mg^+2^''' || '''SO,,4,,^-2^''' || '''Na^+^''' || '''Cl^-^''' || '''HCO,,3,,^-^''' || || 9.60 || 2.90 || 38 || 32.1 || 21.3 || 50.4 <<FootNote(Extrapolated by multiplying CaCO,,3,, level by 1.22)>> || ||<-6>''With 2g of Water Crystals''|| || 25 || 4 || 78 || 32 || 21 || 50 || ||<-6>''With 4g of Water Crystals''|| || 41 || 5 || 119 || 32 || 21 || 50 || ||<-6>''With 8g of Water Crystals''|| || 72 || 6 || 201 || 32 || 21 || 50 || '''Sulfate:Chloride ratio of raw water = (approximately) 1.2:1.0''' which is not particularly good for anything. This should be closer to 2:1 for bitter ales, 1:3 for stouts and porters, and 1:2 for milder ales (e.g. Justin's Brown Ale). Some minor adjustment with NaCl will be needed; since extract is being used and the NaCl content is unknown a conservative approach is best. ClintonEbadi suspects aiming for a ratio of 2:1 for bitter beers, 1:2 for more malt dominated beers, and leaving it alone for the others is the best approach for now. According to [[http://www.beersmith.com/blog/2008/08/24/brewing-water-hard-or-soft/|BeerSmith]] our Magnesium levels are insufficient for yeast nutrition, and the sulfate levels are too low for bitter beers (like ClintonEbadi's Pale Ale recipe). Based upon this information it appears that a good approach will be to add 2g of Water Crystals to all batches with an appropriate amount of NaCl to balance the additional Sulfate. Another thing to be wary of is steeping roasted grains in soft water: Water chemistry also plays a role in tannin extraction. Steeping the heavily roasted malts in very soft water will produce conditions that are too acidic and harsh flavors will result. Likewise, steeping the lightest crystal malts in hard water could produce conditions that are too alkaline and tannin extraction would be a problem again. In this case, the terms Hard and Soft Water are being used to indicate a high (>200 ppm) or low(<50 ppm) level of carbonates and the degree of alkalinity of the brewing water.<<FootNote(http://howtobrew.com/section2/chapter13-2.html)>> === Future Ideas === * [[http://hbd.org/cascade/dennybrew/|Cheap and Easy Batch Sparging]] Much simpler Mash tun design than one designed for fly sparging (and it can be converted to a fancier tun later if needed) == Available Equipment == So far all owned by ClintonEbadi and available for shared use. === Wort Production === * '''Bayou Classic KAB5 Low Pressure Propane Burner'''. 100,000 BTU/h super burner. MORE POWER. * '''20lbs Propane Cylinder''' Just a basic propane cylinder * '''2'x2' Paving Stone''' to provide a stable surface for the burner and protection for deck wood against drying out or scorching * '''Polarware 30 quart stainless steel brew kettle'''. Basic, but workable for full five gallon wort boils. LHBS recommended the low end kettle and reserving funds for a future purchase of a fancy ten gallon kettle. * '''Immersion Wort Chiller'''. Just a basic coiled copper tubing gadget. * '''[[http://www.smart-pond.com/products/60/Move|Smartpond 155GPH Submersible Pump]]''' for circulating ice water through the wort chiller. === Fermentation === * '''6 Gallon Ale Pail''' * '''8 Gallon Glass Carboy''' * '''5 Gallon Glass Carboy''' for secondary fermentation * '''1.5 Gallon Glass Jug''' for minibatches or starters (volume not entirely certain--definitely larger than 1 gallon, but not 2 gallons) * '''64oz Glass Jug''' (Rogue Dead Guy Ale Jug) for starters * '''Cooling system''' A pair of plant water drainage trays, tshirts, and a box fan... not as nice as a basement, but it actually works pretty well. * '''Airlock''' enough for all fermentors and one starter jug (with stoppers for the carboys) === Siphoning &c === * '''Autosiphon''' * '''10' 5/16" ID Siphon Hosing''' * Split with a venturi tube gadget for wort aeration * '''Faucet hose adapter'''. Because it's getting cold and outdoor faucets need to be turned off soon. * '''Bucket Filler'''. Homemade hose end with siphon tubing attached to make filling five gallons of water a lot less of a pain in the ass. === Bottling === * '''6 gallon bottling bucket''' with a spigot * '''Bottling Cane''' with an auto shutoff and whatnot * '''Bottle Capper''' basic wing capper * '''Drying Rack''' Plywood board with removable legs and holes for drying bottles after sanitization === Science! === * '''Hydrometer''' for taking gravity readings * '''Floating Thermometer''' * '''Cylinder''' not graduated, but with a 100mL (maybe--have to double check this) line marked. Used when taking gravity readings. * '''Wine Thief''' to take samples for gravity readings === Books === * ''Beer Captured''. A recipe book of 150 clone brews. Helpful as a basic guide for various styles. === Things That Don't Actually Work === * '''Igloo Lunchbox Cooler''' The top being uninsulated turned out to be a serious problem: the cooler lost around 40⁰F within 30 minutes. It turns out, however, that a metal pot in the 170⁰F oven maintained around 160⁰F and did not get too hot after all. === NEEDED === * '''Stirring Spoon''' ClintonEbadi has a metal spoon that works, but a much larger spoon would make life easier |
Making Beer
/Recipes Our Recipes!
Useful Information
General Brewing
How to Brew. Sections one and two should be read before attempting to brew as we are skipping straight to using specialty grains (the extra effort is trivial).
Software
QBrew recipe formulation tool and batch log. Available in Debian, and indispensable for the Free Software loving brewer. Lacking a few features compared to proprietary offerings, but bpt and ClintonEbadi are programmers...
QBrew Gripes
Let's bitch about the missing features so that ClintonEbadi might suffer some C++ and add them to QBrew...
- No tool to replace hops in recipe with different AA% hops
Kind of a pain to manually recalculate hop amounts when actual AA% differs from recipe AA%. Equation is simple: weight × (recipe aa / actual aa), but why not have the computer do it?
- Recipe html export and printed versions do not list hop AA%
- Units for grains are limited to pounds or kilograms, the ability to switch to ounces or grams would be helpful for e.g. black patent additions
Location Specific
American Brewmaster Our friendly Local Home Brewing Store
Quality Brake and Inspection Center happens to fill up propane tanks (and for a good price: $17.50/20lbs as of 2010-11)
Water
All Grain Water Chemistry Somewhat applicable for extract brewing
Cary uses chloramines rather than chlorine for water purification. The homebrew shop was helpful and warned that this does not evolve out as gas during boiling like chlorine does, and results in band-aid like flavors in the final beer. To counteract this a quarter of a campden tablet must be added for each five gallons of water used. This will react with the chloramines and cause them to evolve out as sulfur and chlorine gases within approximately fifteen minutes. The water may then be boiled as usual.
For extract brewing water adjustment is not essential, but water in the Raleigh region is soft enough that there will be issues with hop bitterness not being properly attenuated. The LHBS provided Water Crystals (8:1 CaSO4:MgSO4) with a recommended rate of one or two tsp per five gallons. A teaspoon has a mass of 4g (3.55...g:0.44...g).
Important Water Ion Levels for Cary NC Water (mg/L)1 |
|||||
Ca+2 |
Mg+2 |
SO4-2 |
Na+ |
Cl- |
HCO3- |
9.60 |
2.90 |
38 |
32.1 |
21.3 |
50.4 2 |
With 2g of Water Crystals |
|||||
25 |
4 |
78 |
32 |
21 |
50 |
With 4g of Water Crystals |
|||||
41 |
5 |
119 |
32 |
21 |
50 |
With 8g of Water Crystals |
|||||
72 |
6 |
201 |
32 |
21 |
50 |
Sulfate:Chloride ratio of raw water = (approximately) 1.2:1.0 which is not particularly good for anything. This should be closer to 2:1 for bitter ales, 1:3 for stouts and porters, and 1:2 for milder ales (e.g. Justin's Brown Ale). Some minor adjustment with NaCl will be needed; since extract is being used and the NaCl content is unknown a conservative approach is best. ClintonEbadi suspects aiming for a ratio of 2:1 for bitter beers, 1:2 for more malt dominated beers, and leaving it alone for the others is the best approach for now.
According to BeerSmith our Magnesium levels are insufficient for yeast nutrition, and the sulfate levels are too low for bitter beers (like ClintonEbadi's Pale Ale recipe).
Based upon this information it appears that a good approach will be to add 2g of Water Crystals to all batches with an appropriate amount of NaCl to balance the additional Sulfate.
Another thing to be wary of is steeping roasted grains in soft water:
Water chemistry also plays a role in tannin extraction. Steeping the heavily roasted malts in very soft water will produce conditions that are too acidic and harsh flavors will result. Likewise, steeping the lightest crystal malts in hard water could produce conditions that are too alkaline and tannin extraction would be a problem again. In this case, the terms Hard and Soft Water are being used to indicate a high (>200 ppm) or low(<50 ppm) level of carbonates and the degree of alkalinity of the brewing water.3
Future Ideas
Cheap and Easy Batch Sparging Much simpler Mash tun design than one designed for fly sparging (and it can be converted to a fancier tun later if needed)
Available Equipment
So far all owned by ClintonEbadi and available for shared use.
Wort Production
Bayou Classic KAB5 Low Pressure Propane Burner. 100,000 BTU/h super burner. MORE POWER.
20lbs Propane Cylinder Just a basic propane cylinder
2'x2' Paving Stone to provide a stable surface for the burner and protection for deck wood against drying out or scorching
Polarware 30 quart stainless steel brew kettle. Basic, but workable for full five gallon wort boils. LHBS recommended the low end kettle and reserving funds for a future purchase of a fancy ten gallon kettle.
Immersion Wort Chiller. Just a basic coiled copper tubing gadget.
Smartpond 155GPH Submersible Pump for circulating ice water through the wort chiller.
Fermentation
6 Gallon Ale Pail
8 Gallon Glass Carboy
5 Gallon Glass Carboy for secondary fermentation
1.5 Gallon Glass Jug for minibatches or starters (volume not entirely certain--definitely larger than 1 gallon, but not 2 gallons)
64oz Glass Jug (Rogue Dead Guy Ale Jug) for starters
Cooling system A pair of plant water drainage trays, tshirts, and a box fan... not as nice as a basement, but it actually works pretty well.
Airlock enough for all fermentors and one starter jug (with stoppers for the carboys)
Siphoning &c
Autosiphon
10' 5/16" ID Siphon Hosing
- Split with a venturi tube gadget for wort aeration
Faucet hose adapter. Because it's getting cold and outdoor faucets need to be turned off soon.
Bucket Filler. Homemade hose end with siphon tubing attached to make filling five gallons of water a lot less of a pain in the ass.
Bottling
6 gallon bottling bucket with a spigot
Bottling Cane with an auto shutoff and whatnot
Bottle Capper basic wing capper
Drying Rack Plywood board with removable legs and holes for drying bottles after sanitization
Science!
Hydrometer for taking gravity readings
Floating Thermometer
Cylinder not graduated, but with a 100mL (maybe--have to double check this) line marked. Used when taking gravity readings.
Wine Thief to take samples for gravity readings
Books
Beer Captured. A recipe book of 150 clone brews. Helpful as a basic guide for various styles.
Things That Don't Actually Work
Igloo Lunchbox Cooler The top being uninsulated turned out to be a serious problem: the cooler lost around 40⁰F within 30 minutes. It turns out, however, that a metal pot in the 170⁰F oven maintained around 160⁰F and did not get too hot after all.
NEEDED
Stirring Spoon ClintonEbadi has a metal spoon that works, but a much larger spoon would make life easier
Additions calculated using http://www.brewersfriend.com/water-chemistry/ which rounds to the nearest number... not so scientific, but good enough for our uses (1)
Extrapolated by multiplying CaCO3 level by 1.22 (2)
